Impi yezohwebo yase-US-China inyuse ukwesaba mayelana nokusebenzisa i-China ngokuhweba ngezinsimbi zomhlaba ezingavamile.
Mayelana
• Ukungezwani okukhulayo phakathi kwe-United States ne-China kubangele ukukhathazeka ngokuthi i-Beijing ingase isebenzise isikhundla sayo esiphezulu njengomphakeli wemihlaba engavamile ukuze ibe namandla empini yokuhweba phakathi kwemibuso emibili yezomnotho yomhlaba.
• Izinsimbi zomhlaba ezingavamile ziyiqembu lezakhi ezingu-17 - i-lanthanum, i-cerium, i-praseodymium, i-neodymium, i-promethium, i-samarium, i-europium, i-gadolinium, i-terbium, i-dysprosium, i-holmium, i-erbium, i-thulium, i-ytterbium, i-lutetium, i-scandium, i-yttrium ebonakala ekugxilweni okuphansi - emhlabathini.
• Ziyivelakancane ngoba zinzima futhi zibiza izindleko zokumbiwa kwazo futhi zicutshungulwe ngendlela ehlanzekile.
• Imihlaba eyivelakancane imbiwa eShayina, eNdiya, eNingizimu Afrika, eCanada, e-Australia, e-Estonia, eMalaysia naseBrazil.
Ukubaluleka Kwezinsimbi Zomhlaba Ezingavamile
• Zinezinto ezihlukile zikagesi, i-metallurgical, catalytic, nuclear, magnetic and luminescent.
• Abaluleke kakhulu ngokwecebo ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwawo ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa nohlukene obubhekelela izidingo zomphakathi wamanje.
• Ubuchwepheshe besikhathi esizayo, isibonelo, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu, ukugcinwa okuphephile kanye nokuthuthwa kwe-hydrogen kudinga lezi zinsimbi zomhlaba ezingavamile.
• Isidingo somhlaba wonke sama-REM sikhula ngokuphawulekayo ngokuhambisana nokunwetshwa kwawo kubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu, indawo ezungezile, kanye nezindawo zomnotho.
• Ngenxa yezinto ezihlukile kazibuthe, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kanye ne-electrochemical, zisiza ezobuchwepheshe zisebenze ngesisindo esincishisiwe, ukukhishwa okuncishisiwe, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.
• Izakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile zisetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo yabathengi, kusukela kuma-iPhone kuya kumasathelayithi namalaser.
• Abuye asetshenziswe kumabhethri aphinde ashajwe, izinto zobumba ezithuthukisiwe, amakhompuyutha, izidlali-DVD, izinjini zomoya, ama-catalyst ezimotweni nasezimbonini zokuhluza uwoyela, amamonitha, amathelevishini, izibani, ama-fiber optics, ama-superconductors kanye nokupholisha ingilazi.
• I-E-Vehicles: Izinto ezimbalwa zomhlaba ezingavamile, njenge-neodymium ne-dysprosium, zibalulekile ezimotweni ezisetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi.
• Izimpahla zezempi: Amanye amaminerali abalulekile emhlabeni abalulekile ezinsizeni zezempi njengezinjini zezindiza, amasistimu okuqondisa imicibisholo, amasistimu okuvikela imicibisholo, amasathelayithi, kanye namalaser.I-Lanthanum, isibonelo, iyadingeka ukuze kwenziwe imishini yokubona ebusuku.
• I-China iyikhaya lama-37% ezindawo zokulondoloza umhlaba ezingavamile.Ngo-2017, i-China yabalelwa ku-81% wokukhiqizwa komhlaba ongavamile.
• I-China isingatha amandla amaningi okucubungula emhlabeni futhi ihlinzeke ngama-80% omhlaba ongavamile ongeniswe yi-United States kusukela ngo-2014 kuya ku-2017.
• Imayini ye-Mountain Pass yase-California iyona yodwa indawo yase-US esebenza emhlabeni ezingavamile.Kepha ithumela ingxenye enkulu ye-extract iye e-China ukuze icutshungulwe.
• I-China ibeke intela engama-25% kulezo zimpahla ezivela kwamanye amazwe ngesikhathi sempi yohwebo.
• I-China, i-Australia, i-US kanye ne-India imithombo ebalulekile yomhlaba yezinto ezingavamile.
• Njengokulinganisa, isamba seziqiwi zomhlaba ezingavamile eNdiya singamathani ayizigidi eziyi-10.21.
• I-Monazite, equkethe i-thorium ne-Uranium, iwumthombo oyinhloko womhlaba ongavamile eNdiya.Ngenxa yokuba khona kwalezi zakhi ezikhipha imisebe, ukumbiwa kwezihlabathi ze-monazite kwenziwa inhlangano kahulumeni.
• I-India ngokuyinhloko ibe ngumnikezeli wezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba kanye nenhlanganisela yomhlaba eyivelakancane.Asikwazanga ukuthuthukisa amayunithi wokucubungula wezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba.
• Ukukhiqizwa kwezindleko eziphansi okwenziwa yiShayina kuyimbangela enkulu yokwehla kokukhiqizwa komhlaba ongavamile eNdiya.